Oryza rufipogon Griff. Not. Pl.
Asiatica 3: 5, t. 144 (244?), fig. 2 (1851).
Classification.
(GPWG 2001) : Subfamily Ehrhartoideae. Tribe Oryzeae.
Type of Basionym or
Protologue Information: NT: Tim s.n., Bangladesh (CAL). NT
designated by Sharma & Shastry, Indian J. Genet. Pl. Breed. 25(20):
157–167 (1965).
Key references
(books and floras): [1969] E.E.Henty, Manual Grasses New Guinea
(135), [2002] D.Sharp & B.K.Simon, AusGrass, Grasses of Australia,
[2009] A.Wilson (ed.). Flora of Australia, Vol 44A. Poaceae 2
(365).
Habit. Annual
or perennial. Rhizomes present, elongated. Stolons absent or present. Culms
erect or geniculately ascending or decumbent, 70–90(–300) cm tall, spongy.
Leaf-sheaths smooth, glabrous on surface. Leaf-sheath auricles present. Ligule
an eciliate membrane, 12–17 mm long, lacerate, acute. Leaf-blades 20–60 cm
long, 5–25 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface scabrous.
Inflorescence.
Inflorescence compound, a panicle. Panicle linear, 10–30 cm long.
Spikelets.
Spikelets pedicelled. Fertile spikelets 1-flowered, comprising 2 basal sterile
florets, comprising 1 fertile floret(s), without rachilla extension, oblong,
laterally compressed, 7.3–11.4 mm long. Rhachilla internodes elongated between
glumes, or elongated below proximal fertile floret.
Glumes. Upper
glume 0.3–0.5 mm long. Florets. Basal sterile florets 2 or more, barren,
without significant palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret 10 % of length of
spikelet, 1 -nerved.
Fertile lemma 6.5–11
mm long, keeled, 5 -nerved. Lemma apex awned, 1 -awned. Median (principal) awn
60–70 mm long overall. Palea 3 -nerved, 1-keeled. Palea apex muticous or awned.
Lodicules present. Anthers 6. Grain 5.2–6.7 mm long.
Continental
Distribution: Tropical Asia, Australasia, and South America.
Australian
Distribution: Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland.
Western Australia:
Gardner, Fitzgerald, Dampier. Northern Territory: Darwin & Gulf,
Victoria River. Queensland: Cook, North Kennedy, South Kennedy.
Notes.
Native. Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, S Vietnam,
China, Malesia, Australia, S America. Wet, black soil, swampy places or in up
to 1 m of water. Flowers Mar.-May, Sept.-Nov.
