Dinebra retroflexa* (Vahl.) Panz. Denkschr. Konigl. Akad. Wiss. München 1813: 270 (1814).
Classification. (GPWG 2001) : Subfamily Chloridoideae. Cynodonteae.
Basionym and/or Replacement Name: Cynosurus retroflexus Vahl, Symb. Bot. 2: 20 (1791).
Type of Basionym or Protologue Information: HT: La Mark s.n., India (C).
Key references (books and floras): [2002] D.Sharp & B.K.Simon, AusGrass, Grasses of Australia.
Illustrations: [2005] K.Mallet (ed.), Flora of Australia 44B: Poaceae 3 (Fig. 56).
Habit. Annual. Culms erect or prostrate, 15–112 cm tall. Ligule an eciliate membrane or a fringed membrane, a ciliolate membrane, 1–1.6 mm long, lacerate. Leaf-blades flat, 4.5–28 cm long, 4–10 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface indumented.
Inflorescence. Inflorescence compound, a panicle of spikes. Racemes numerous, deflexed or spreading, linear or oblong or cuneate, 0.6–6 cm long, bearing 2–20 fertile spikelets on each. Central inflorescence axis 8–34 cm long. Rhachis deciduous from axis.
Spikelets. Spikelets sessile. Fertile spikelets many flowered, with at least 2 fertile florets (1–3), comprising 1–3 fertile floret(s), with diminished florets at the apex, cuneate, laterally compressed, 5–9 mm long.
Glumes. Glumes similar, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume elliptic, coriaceous, keeled, 1-keeled, 1 -nerved. Upper glume elliptic, 5–8.2 mm long, coriaceous, keeled, 1-keeled, 1 -nerved.
Florets. Fertile lemma 2–2.9 mm long, without keel or keeled, 3 -nerved. Lemma surface glabrous. Lemma apex muticous or mucronate. Palea 2 -nerved. Grain 1 mm long.
Continental Distribution: Africa, Temperate Asia, Tropical Asia, and Australasia.
Australian Distribution: Queensland.
Queensland: Darling Downs, Moreton, Port Curtis, Leichhardt, Warrego.
Notes. A weed of cultivation and disturbed areas.
SE Qld, N to Yeppoon; throughout tropical and southern Africa, through Egypt, Iraq and India. Mostly on heavy clay soils, but also collected from black loamy soils and sandy soils.
