Garnotia

Garnotia Voyage Monde Coquille, Bot. (Phan.) 2: 132 (1832).

Derivation:. Named for Prosper Garnot, French marine surgeon and zoologist.

Taxonomic revisions, nomenclatural references:. F.W.Gould, Kew Bull. 27: 515–561 (1973).

Key references (keys and floras):. E.E.Henty, Manual Grasses New Guinea 104–105 (1969); M.Lazarides, Tropical Grasses S.E. Asia 84–86 (1980); B.K.Simon, Key to Australian Grasses 122 (1993); D.Sharp and B.K.Simon, AusGrass (2002).

W.D.Clayton & S.A.Renvoize, Genera Graminum (1986), genus (174).

Native. 30 species, from eastern Asia, northeastern Australia and the Pacific. 1 species in Australia, Qld. Also New Guinea and Malesia.

Habit. Annual (rarely) or perennial, rhizomatous or tufted (mostly) or decumbent. Leaf blades narrow. Ligule a fringed membrane. Hidden cleistogenes (when present) in leaf sheaths (in concealed, contracted panicles).

Inflorescence. Inflorescence of spicate main branches or paniculate, an open panicle with branches ending in single spikelets, open or contracted.

Spikelets. Spikelets laterally compressed or subterete, 1 flowered, with 1 fertile floret, solitary (rarely) or in triplets (rarely) or paired, pedicelled, unequally pedicelled in each combination; with rachilla terminating in a floret. Fertile spikelets falling with glumes.

Glumes. Glumes relatively large (membranous), more or less equal (the lower glume usually slightly longer than the upper glume), about equal to spikelet, long relative to adjacent lemmas, awned or awnless, dissimilar (the lower glume more or less convex, the upper glume flattened and often furrowed on the back). Lower glume convex on back, 3–5 nerved. Upper glume 3–5 nerved.

Florets. Fertile florets 1. Lemmas decidedly firmer than glumes (cartilaginous), not becoming indurated, entire at apex or incised, muticous (rarely) or mucronate (rarely) or awned (usually), without a germination flap, 3–5 nerved, glabrous, not keeled. Awns when present, 1, from a sinus or apical, non-geniculate or geniculate, much shorter than body of lemma to much longer than body of lemma. Palea relatively long (with ciliate margins, and auricles near the base), 2 nerved. Lodicules 2. Stamens 3. Hilum short (round). Embryo large or small.

Kranz Anatomy. C4.

2n = 20.

Habitat. Mesophytic. Light woodland and moist rocky slopes.

Classification. Panicoideae; Arundinelleae.

Notes. At first sight Garnotia has no place in the Arundinelleae, but it shares with Arundinella its auriculate palea and unusual auxiliary bundles (Clayton & Renvoize, 1986).

Types Species. G. stricta Brongn.

Biogeographic Element. Clifford & Simon 1981, Simon & Jacobs 1990: Indo-Malayan.

Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith