Dichanthium caricosum* (L.) A. Camus. Bull.
Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris)
27: 549 (1921).
Classification. (GPWG 2001) : Subfamily
Panicoideae. Andropogoneae.
Basionym and/or
Replacement Name: Andropogon
caricosus L., Sp. Pl.
(ed. 2) 2: 1480 (1763).
Type of Basionym or
Protologue Information: India:,
Burmann? s.n. (HT: G).
Key references
(books and floras): [1969] E.E.Henty, Manual Grasses New Guinea
(69), [2002] D.Sharp & B.K.Simon, AusGrass, Grasses of Australia.
Habit.
Perennial. Culms decumbent, 25–100 cm tall. Mid-culm nodes glabrous or
pubescent. Ligule an eciliate membrane, 1 mm long. Leaf-blades 3–30 cm long,
2–7 mm wide.
Inflorescence.
Inflorescence digitate, with ramose branches. Rhachis fragile at the nodes.
Spikelets.
Spikelets sessile, 1 in the cluster. Companion spikelets pedicelled, 1 in the
cluster. Basal sterile spikelets well-developed, 2–6 in number (lower raceme).
Companion spikelets developed, containing empty lemmas or male, 5–5.5 mm long.
Fertile spikelets 2-flowered, the lower floret barren (rarely male), the upper
fertile, comprising 1 basal sterile florets, comprising 1 fertile floret(s),
without rachilla extension, lanceolate or elliptic or obovate, dorsally
compressed, 3–5 mm long.
Glumes. Glumes
dissimilar, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume elliptic or ovate or
obovate, chartaceous, of similar consistency above or much thinner above,
without keels, 9–11 -nerved. Lower glume surface indumented. Upper glume
lanceolate, keeled, 1-keeled. Florets. Basal sterile florets 1, barren,
without significant palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret hyaline.
Fertile lemma 1.8 mm
long, without keel, 1 -nerved. Lemma apex entire, awned, 1 -awned. Median
(principal) awn apical, 10–20 mm long overall, with a twisted column. Palea
absent. Anthers 3. Grain 1.8 mm long.
Continental
Distribution: Africa, Temperate Asia, Tropical Asia, Australasia, Pacific,
and South America.
Australian
Distribution: Queensland.
Queensland: Moreton, North Kennedy.
Notes.
Native to tropical Asia and Malesia but now
fairly widely introduced to tropical areas. Locally persisting in northern and
SE Qld, the areas where it was first introduced from Fiji. Flowers Apr.--May.
