| 1. | Rachilla hairs 0.2-1 mm long; callus narrowly triangular to triangular, usually distinctly hairy | 2 |
| Rachilla hairs less than 2 mm long; callus broadly triangular to triangular, glabrous or nearly so |
3 |
|
| 2. | Rachilla hairs short, not covering callus base |
A. scabra (NSW QLD) Agropyron scabrum |
| Rachilla hairs long and dense, covering callus base | A. rectiseta (NSW VIC SA WA) | |
| 3. | Glumes at least 7.7 mm long; mature caryopsis less than 55% palea length |
A. plurinervis (NSW QLD) Agropyron scabrum var. plurinerve |
| Glumes usually more than 7 mm long, mature mature caryopsis more than 55% palea length | 4 | |
| 4. | Awn of lowest floret 2 -7.5 mm long; ratio of awn to lemma length 0.7-1.3 | A. fertilis (NSW QLD) |
| Awn of lowest lemma 0-3 mm long; ratio of awn to lemma length 0.2-0.8 | A. multiflora (NSW VIC SA WA) | |